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UK Announces Major Defense Spending Boost, Sending a Message to Moscow and Washington
In a significant shift in defense policy, the United Kingdom has unveiled plans for a major military spending increase, including new nuclear-powered submarines and a strengthened army, signaling a renewed focus on European land warfare. Prime Minister Keir Starmer emphasized the changing global landscape and the heightened threat posed by Russia as justification for the most comprehensive defense review since the Cold War.
The review, commissioned by Starmer and led by former UK Defense Secretary and NATO Secretary General George Robertson, calls for sweeping changes to address growing threats across land, sea, air, and cyberspace. Defense Secretary John Healey confirmed the government’s acceptance of all 62 recommendations, aiming to modernize the military after decades of reduced spending.
While troop numbers, currently at a historic low, are not expected to increase immediately, Healey stated that the plan to reach 2.5% of national income on defense by 2027 remains on track, with an “ambition” to reach 3% before 2034. Prime Minister Starmer, however, stopped short of a firm commitment to the 3% target, citing the need for secure funding sources.
Key announcements include the construction of up to twelve nuclear-powered, conventionally armed submarines under the AUKUS partnership with Australia and the United States, and a £15 billion investment in the UK’s nuclear arsenal. Conventional weapons stockpiles will also see a significant boost, with the addition of up to 7,000 UK-built long-range weapons. Starmer highlighted the potential economic benefits of this rearmament, anticipating a “defense dividend” of high-paying jobs.
This move comes in the wake of Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, which prompted a reassessment of defense priorities across NATO. Healey underscored the ongoing cyber threats faced by the UK, citing 90,000 state-linked cyberattacks against UK defense systems in the past two years, and confirming plans for a new cyber command.
While directed at Moscow, the increased spending also sends a message to Washington. The move aligns with President Trump’s calls for increased defense spending by NATO allies.
However, Conservative Party defense spokesman James Cartlidge expressed skepticism about the government’s ability to deliver on its promises without secure funding.