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Mokopane, South Africa – A groundbreaking initiative to combat rhino poaching was launched Thursday by the University of the Witwatersrand. The program, dubbed the Rhisotope Project, involves injecting rhino horns with radioactive isotopes detectable by customs agents. The isotopes are deemed safe for the animals but act as a tracking device against illegal trafficking.
Five rhinos were injected Thursday, marking the beginning of what organizers hope will become a widespread application across the rhino population. This follows a successful trial last year involving 20 rhinos at a sanctuary. The low-level radioactive isotopes can be detected by radiation scanners at airports and border crossings, aiding in the apprehension of poachers and traffickers.
Researchers at the university’s Radiation and Health Physics Unit have confirmed the isotopes’ safety, emphasizing rigorous testing during the pilot study. James Larkin, chief scientific officer of the Rhisotope Project, stated, “We have demonstrated, beyond scientific doubt, that the process is completely safe for the animal and effective in making the horn detectable through international customs nuclear security systems.” He further explained that even small amounts of the isotope triggered alarms in radiation detectors, and testing showed detectability even within full shipping containers.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature estimates the global rhino population has plummeted from approximately 500,000 at the start of the 20th century to about 27,000 today, largely driven by the black market demand for rhino horn. South Africa, home to an estimated 16,000 rhinos, sees about 500 poached annually. The university is encouraging private wildlife parks and national conservation authorities to participate in the Rhisotope Project.