Federalist 10 was not written for a museum. It was written as a warning against faction—and for moments like this.
Written during the fight over whether the new Constitution should be ratified, Federalist 10 asked whether self-government could survive the passions, interests and ambitions of the people themselves. James Madison defined faction as citizens “united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest” in a way that works against the rights of others or against “the permanent and aggregate interests of the community.”
That is the danger. Not disagreement. Not debate. Not honest difference among citizens. Faction is organized passion or private interest turned against the common good…