California is home to an impressive diversity of scorpions, with species adapted to its deserts, forests, and coastal hills. These arachnids range from tiny, hard-to-spot dwellers of rocky slopes to large, hairy scorpions prowling the sandy dunes of the Mojave. Their appearances, behaviors, and habitats are as varied as the landscapes they inhabit.
Scorpions in California are often active at night, using their sensitive hairs and venomous stingers to hunt insects and small arthropods. While some may look intimidating, the majority have mild venom that poses little risk to humans. Understanding their roles in the ecosystem can lead to greater appreciation—and safer encounters—in the wild.
This article introduces 18 species of scorpions in California, complete with pictures and key identification details. From forest floors to desert basins, each profile includes information on size, markings, habitat, venom, and where you’re most likely to find them across the state.
Common Scorpions Found in California
Paruroctonus silvestrii (California Common Scorpion)
Paruroctonus silvestrii, commonly known as the California common scorpion, is one of the most widespread scorpions in the state. It typically measures between 4 to 45 millimeters in length and features a muted gray-brown coloration. One distinguishing feature is the presence of subtle striping on its tail segments, which helps differentiate it from other local species. This scorpion has a slender build and relatively thin pincers, allowing it to maneuver effectively in varied terrain…